[India] - Chandrayaan-3: Isro's small budget raises million-dollar question

INSUBCONTINENT EXCLUSIVE:
commonplace
While the exact cost of a space mission is hard to determine given that most countries subsidise space activities, Chandrayaan-3 is
estimated to have cost 600 crore
Wednesday
TOI spoke to a host of Isro scientists to find answers
cost-effective: Indigenisation, ingenuity and affordable manpower.03:41HISTORIC! India conquers the Moon, Chandrayaan 3 lands successfully;
India now joins the Elite Space ClubComparing Chandrayaan-3 with Luna-25, the biggest savings India made was on the rocket
Russia used an additional booster to give Luna-25 an extra push, allowing it to be propelled straight into the trans-lunar insertion (TLI)
phase, while India had to do several Earth-bound manoeuvres before TLI.The cost-saving here, Isro scientists say, was on propulsion
legacy to build the next rockets and satellites
former director said this ensures reduction of development cost for launch vehicles and satellites.Isro has a good indigenisation record
rockets and satellites and then purchase them
This involves high cost
In India, Isro makes most things in-house and industry is used as vendors
Europeans conduct around eight tests to qualify a motor or engine, we are able to qualify with two tests, at best three, which saves a lot