In recent years, Xining Wildlife Park in northwest China's Qinghai Province has gained national attention for its charismatic wildlife, including snow leopards, Pallas's cats and Chinese mountain cats.
But less known is its long-running work in rescuing and breeding black-necked cranes.In 2023, a crane named "Qianhe" was born at the park.
Its mother had been rescued after an injury left her stranded in the wild.To ensure Qianhe's healthy development, the park built a dedicated birdhouse and assigned two staff members to monitor its care around the clock.Now fully grown, Qianhe stands as a symbol of the park's success in assisted breeding.
With over a dozen black-necked cranes currently housed at the park, staff are preparing them for eventual release into the wild.
Training programs to build survival skills are already underway.Thanks to such efforts, the protection of black-necked cranes has made significant progress.
In 2020, the International Union for Conservation of Nature downgraded the bird's status from vulnerable to near threatened.Endemic to the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, the black-necked crane is the world's only alpine crane species.
Because of its rarity and striking black-and-white plumage, it is sometimes called the "giant panda among birds." The species is highly sensitive to changes in its wetland environment, making it a valuable indicator of ecosystem health.For a time, their numbers dwindled due to habitat loss and water pollution.
In Qinghai, the authorities responded with sweeping ecological restoration measures, repairing wetland functions, banning industrial activity near key habitats, and launching rescue and breeding programs.One such region lies at the southern foot of the Qilian Mountains, where a river basin fed by glacial melt and groundwater had suffered from illegal coal mining, damaging local pastures and wetlands.To reverse the damage, mining operations were halted, and in 2022, a large-scale restoration project for the river basin was launched.
It included replanting native grasses, rehabilitating wetlands, and restoring the riverbanks.
Officials say the efforts have already improved habitat conditions.Today, the black-necked crane's return serves as the most compelling evidence of ecological restoration in the area.Li Laixing, a 67-year-old associate researcher with the Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology under the Chinese Academy of Sciences, has spent decades tracking the cranes.Based on habitat density estimates, Qinghai is now home to roughly 5,000 black-necked cranes.
Monitoring data shows over 100 known distribution points across the province."Protected areas are seeing less human interference and more lush vegetation, which means more food sources for the cranes," he said.Beyond counting cranes, his recent research has focused on studying their migratory stopover points – "stepping stones" along their routes that serve as critical resting and feeding grounds."By mapping these sites, we can help refine conservation zones across provinces and ensure the birds are protected throughout their entire migration journey," he said.The story of black-necked crane conservation in Qinghai reflects a broader national effort.
In recent years, China has prioritized ecological protection as part of its ecological civilization strategy, with biodiversity conservation recognized as a key national goal.According to official data from the National Forestry and Grassland Administration, populations of rare and endangered wild species in China have shown steady growth, reflecting the country's significant progress in biodiversity conservation.The total number of overwintering waterbirds recorded in China reached nearly 5.06 million last year, a record high since nationwide monitoring began."Black-necked cranes are an indicator species of ecological health on the plateau," Li said.
"Their numbers are clearly rising, and their protection has become a model for biodiversity conservation in China."(Cover: Black-necked cranes are seen by the Qinghai Lake in the Haibei Zang Autonomous Prefecture in Qinghai Province, northwest China, June 26, 2025.
/VCG)